How To Set Up a Postfix E-Mail Server with Dovecot How To use an SPF Record to Prevent Spoofing & Improve E-mail Reliability How To Install and Configure DKIM with Postfix on Debian Wheezy (Note: to get a PTR record back to your FQDN on Digital Ocean you must name the droplet to the FQDN)
Note Instructions are for debian (and probably works for ubuntu and friends too). Easiest way to getting it to work in fedora is through dovecot’s sasl2. See dovecot configuration and postfix configuration Install sasl dependencies sudo apt-get install libsasl2-modules sasl2-bin Create /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf: pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN Create /etc/default/saslauthd-postfix cp /etc/default/saslauthd /etc/default/saslauthd-postfix Edit /etc/default/saslauthd-postfix START=yes DESC="SASL Auth. Daemon for Postfix" NAME="saslauthd-postf" # max. 15 char? OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd" Create subdirs: dpkg-statoverride --add root sasl 710 /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd Add group (maybe not required?) adduser postfix sasl Reset and enable saslauthd sudo systemctl restart saslauthd sudo systemctl enable saslauthd Config postfix sudo postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname' sudo postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes' sudo postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes' sudo postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous' sudo postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination' Reset postfix sudo systemctl restart postfix
Implementation: Login on server as root Install spamassassin through aptitude In /etc/default/spamassassin: Set ENABLED=1 Add/uncomment in /etc/spamassassin/local.cf: rewrite_header Subject *****SPAM***** report_safe 0 In /etc/postfix/master.cf: smtp inet n - - - - smtpd -o content_filter=spamassassin spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe user=debian-spamd argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient} Restart services service spamassassin start service postfix reload Verification: Email sent to server with body XJS*C4JDBQADN1.NSBN3*2IDNEN*GTUBE-STANDARD-ANTI-UBE-TEST-EMAIL*C.34X should have subject rewritten to ****SPAM**** $header ...
Description: Install courier on server Implementation: Login as root Install fam and courier-imap-ssl through aptitude Create directories for web-based administration? No In /etc/postfix/main.cf, add line: home_mailbox = Maildir/ Restart service service postfix restart You may need to run maildirmake Maildir when in homedir? Verification: Should be able to login as root on imap from outside of LAN Should be able to login as root on imap with STARTTLS from outside of LAN
Description: Add greylisting to postfix through postgrey Implementation: Login to server as root Install postgrey through aptitude Append to /etc/postgrey/whitelist-clients: d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se Restart service: service postgrey reload Add to/edit in /etc/postfix/main.cf: smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks reject_unauth_destination check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10023 Restart service: service postfix reload Verification: Email from any local host should not be greylisted Email from unknown address should be greylisted
Description: Criterias: Accept mail from any SMTP server in the world. Be able to send mail to any SMTP server in the world. Not accept mail for any other destinations than your domain. Meet the requirements of RFC 2821, section 4.5.1 concerning the postmaster address. Should rewrite local usernames to real names through LDAP lookups Forwarded email from satellite systems should have their FQDN rewritten to this server’s Implementation (Main server): Login on server as root: Install postfix through aptitude Select type Internet Site Set System Mail Name to d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se In /etc/postfix/main.cf, add the following lines: mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 130.236.179.88/29 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 masquerade_domains = $mydomain local_header_rewrite_clients = permit_mynetworks sender_canonical_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/canonical_sender recipient_canonical_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/canonical_recipent Create /etc/postfix/canonical_sender: search_base = ou=People,dc=d4,dc=sysinst,dc=ida,dc=liu,dc=se server_host = server.d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se bind = no version = 3 domain = d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se query_filter = uid=%u result_attribute = mail Create /etc/postfix/canonical_recipent: search_base = ou=People,dc=d4,dc=sysinst,dc=ida,dc=liu,dc=se server_host = server.d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se bind = no version = 3 domain = d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se query_filter = mail=%s result_attribute = uid Set MX record. Add line to /etc/bind/db.d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se: @ IN MX 10 server.d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se. Restart the services: service postfix restart service bind9 restart Implementation (Satellite Systems/Clients): Install postfix through aptitude Select type Satellite System Set System Mail Name to d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se Set SMTP Relay Host to server.d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se Verification: Test that the server can receive email from generic server outside of LAN Test that the server can send email to generic server outside of LAN Test that the server does not accept email for other domains than d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se Test that all clients can send email to *@d4.sysinst.ida.liu.se and they should end up on server Test that all clients do not have smtp open to LAN/WAN
Basically, postfix was configured with ipv6 support when the OS does not provide it Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent: postfixpostmulti: warning: inet_protocols: disabling IPv6 name/address support: Address family not supported by protocol postmulti: warning: inet_protocols: disabling IPv6 name/address support: Address family not supported by protocol postfix: warning: inet_protocols: disabling IPv6 name/address support: Address family not supported by protocol Solution: sudo postconf -e 'inet_protocols = ipv4' sudo /etc/init.d/postfix restart
Links qmail.jms1.net BSD Handbook Sendmail.org This expects you to have netcat, perl and openssl installed Hello without TLS nc mail.server.com 25 220 mail.server.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.7/8.14.7; Thu, 11 Sep 2014 12:01:22 +0200 (CEST) > ehlo friendly.server.com 250-mail.server.com Hello friendly [1.2.3.4], pleased to meet you 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-PIPELINING 250-8BITMIME 250-SIZE 250-DSN 250-ETRN 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 250-STARTTLS 250-DELIVERBY 250 HELP > quit< 221 2.0.0 mail.server.com closing connection Hello with TLS openssl s_client -starttls smtp -crlf -connect mail.server.com:25 # ...Loads of text here... > ehlo friendly.server.com # ... Same as login without TLS (above) ... Test login $ perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("\000coolname\@iix.se\000my-password")' AGNvb2xuYW1lQGlpeC5zZQBteS1wYXNzd29yZA== # .. Log in to server with one of the above ... > AUTH PLAIN AGNvb2xuYW1lQGlpeC5zZQBteS1wYXNzd29yZA== 235 2.0.0 OK Authenticated > quit 221 2.0.0 mail.server.com closing connection Sending mail > mail from: <[email protected]> 250 ok > rcpt to: <[email protected]> 250 ok > data 354 go ahead > From: John <[email protected]> > To: Nobody <[email protected]> > Subject: fnord > > hail eris! > . 250 ok 1113954693 qp 29052 > quit
# Global Postfix configuration file. This file lists only a subset # of all parameters. For the syntax, and for a complete parameter # list, see the postconf(5) manual page (command: "man 5 postconf"). # # For common configuration examples, see BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README # and STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README. To find these documents, use # the command "postconf html_directory readme_directory", or go to # http://www.postfix.org/BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README.html etc. # # For best results, change no more than 2-3 parameters at a time, # and test if Postfix still works after every change. # Where is the postfix queue? queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix # Where are postXXX commands? command_directory = /usr/bin # Where are the postfix daemons? daemon_directory = /usr/lib/postfix/bin # Where is postfix-writeable data? data_directory = /var/lib/postfix # Who to run postfix as? mail_owner = postfix # What's my FQDN? myhostname = phii.iix.se # What's my domain name? mydomain = iix.se # Where are my mail sent from? myorigin = $mydomain # Which interfaces to I listen on? inet_interfaces = all # I think this is to which target's I email? mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain # How I reject mail (550 = reject mail, 450 = try again later) unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 # Who do I trust? (I think this is forwarding or something) mynetworks_style = host # If you change the alias database, run "postalias /etc/aliases" (or # wherever your system stores the mail alias file), or simply run # "newaliases" to build the necessary DBM or DB file. # # It will take a minute or so before changes become visible. Use # "postfix reload" to eliminate the delay. alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases # The alias_database parameter specifies the alias database(s) that # are built with "newaliases" or "sendmail -bi". This is a separate # configuration parameter, because alias_maps (see above) may specify # tables that are not necessarily all under control by Postfix. # What does this mean? Your guess is as good as mine alias_database = $alias_maps # Allow email tags # See canonical(5) local(8), relocated(5) and virtual(5) for effects recipient_delimiter = + # Debug level debug_peer_level = 2 # The debugger_command specifies the external command that is executed # when a Postfix daemon program is run with the -D option. # # Use "command .. & sleep 5" so that the debugger can attach before # the process marches on. If you use an X-based debugger, be sure to # set up your XAUTHORITY environment variable before starting Postfix. # debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 # If you can't use X, use this to capture the call stack when a # daemon crashes. The result is in a file in the configuration # directory, and is named after the process name and the process ID. # # debugger_command = # PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin; export PATH; (echo cont; # echo where) | gdb $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id 2>&1 # >$config_directory/$process_name.$process_id.log & sleep 5 # # The full pathname of the Postfix sendmail command. sendmail_path = /usr/bin/sendmail # The full pathname of the Postfix newaliases command. newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases # The full pathname of the Postfix mailq command. mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq # setgid_group: The group for mail submission and queue management # commands. This must be a group name with a numerical group ID that # is not shared with other accounts, not even with the Postfix account. # setgid_group = postdrop # html_directory: The location of the Postfix HTML documentation. html_directory = no # manpage_directory: The location of the Postfix on-line manual pages. manpage_directory = /usr/share/man # sample_directory: The location of the Postfix sample configuration files. # This parameter is obsolete as of Postfix 2.1. but it feels nice to keep it sample_directory = /etc/postfix/sample # readme_directory: The location of the Postfix README files. readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix # Protocol to use (I only have ipv4 so I can deploy it everywhere) inet_protocols = ipv4 ## Make sure we look in /etc/hosts first lmtp_host_lookup = native smtp_host_lookup = native # Fix issue with smtpd not finding certs smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/newcert.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/privkey.key # Do I still need this? Yes? No? Maybe? compatibility_level = 2